Initial Foothold Hint:

• Pay careful attention to the server name and version. What technology runs this web server?
• You should test any user input points for any kind of injections (not just SQLi)
• What characters seem to make the server mad? Any way to bypass and get the server to parse these forbidden characters?
• Google the server technology and what kind of injection vulnerability you might be dealing with

Privilege Escalation Hint:

• Look around for some interesting files that might tell you more about possible credentials and how the credentials are generated
• You should find the pattern of username and password generation, but this also is going to require you to create a password mask
• Since you don't know the exact number of characters, incrementally increase the mask character size until the hash is cracked. Too large, and cracking is going to take forever
• You should be able to switch user, what permissions does this user have?

Nmap Results

# Nmap 7.94SVN scan initiated Tue Mar  5 13:32:12 2024 as: nmap -Pn -p- --min-rate 2000 -A -oN nmap.txt 10.10.11.253
Nmap scan report for 10.10.11.253
Host is up (0.014s latency).
Not shown: 65533 closed tcp ports (reset)
PORT   STATE SERVICE VERSION
22/tcp open  ssh     OpenSSH 8.9p1 Ubuntu 3ubuntu0.6 (Ubuntu Linux; protocol 2.0)
| ssh-hostkey: 
|   256 80:e4:79:e8:59:28:df:95:2d:ad:57:4a:46:04:ea:70 (ECDSA)
|_  256 e9:ea:0c:1d:86:13:ed:95:a9:d0:0b:c8:22:e4:cf:e9 (ED25519)
80/tcp open  http    nginx
|_http-title: Weighted Grade Calculator
No exact OS matches for host (If you know what OS is running on it, see https://nmap.org/submit/ ).
TCP/IP fingerprint:
OS:SCAN(V=7.94SVN%E=4%D=3/5%OT=22%CT=1%CU=33357%PV=Y%DS=2%DC=T%G=Y%TM=65E76
OS:54C%P=x86_64-pc-linux-gnu)SEQ(SP=FC%GCD=1%ISR=10F%TI=Z%CI=Z%II=I%TS=A)OP
OS:S(O1=M53CST11NW7%O2=M53CST11NW7%O3=M53CNNT11NW7%O4=M53CST11NW7%O5=M53CST
OS:11NW7%O6=M53CST11)WIN(W1=FE88%W2=FE88%W3=FE88%W4=FE88%W5=FE88%W6=FE88)EC
OS:N(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=FAF0%O=M53CNNSNW7%CC=Y%Q=)T1(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%S=O%A=S+%F=
OS:AS%RD=0%Q=)T2(R=N)T3(R=N)T4(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=A%A=Z%F=R%O=%RD=0%Q=)T5(
OS:R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=Z%A=S+%F=AR%O=%RD=0%Q=)T6(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=A%A=Z%
OS:F=R%O=%RD=0%Q=)T7(R=Y%DF=Y%T=40%W=0%S=Z%A=S+%F=AR%O=%RD=0%Q=)U1(R=Y%DF=N
OS:%T=40%IPL=164%UN=0%RIPL=G%RID=G%RIPCK=G%RUCK=G%RUD=G)IE(R=Y%DFI=N%T=40%C
OS:D=S)

Network Distance: 2 hops
Service Info: OS: Linux; CPE: cpe:/o:linux:linux_kernel

TRACEROUTE (using port 110/tcp)
HOP RTT      ADDRESS
1   12.07 ms 10.10.14.1
2   12.12 ms 10.10.11.253

OS and Service detection performed. Please report any incorrect results at https://nmap.org/submit/ .
# Nmap done at Tue Mar  5 13:32:44 2024 -- 1 IP address (1 host up) scanned in 31.39 seconds